含电动汽车的光/储/燃充电站最优容量配置及经济性分析

针对城市居民区充电难状况,建立一种包含光伏电池、燃料电池和储能蓄电池的电动汽车充电站容量配置模型。以成本最小化和负荷方差最小化为目标,采用NSGA-Ⅱ(二代非支配排序遗传算法)对模型进行求解。对于求得的可行解,首先使用净现值法对部分解进行经济性评估,然后采取峰谷负荷差率进行进一步评估,经过两轮筛选得出最优解。仿真算例验证了模型及评估方法的可行性。     

Evidence of a homeowner-renter gap for electric vehicles

This paper provides the first empirical analysis of the homeowner-renter gap for electric vehicles. Using newly-available U.S. nationally representative data, the analysis shows that homeowners are three times more likely than renters to own an electric vehicle. The gap is highly statistically significant, and remains even after controlling for income. For example, among households with annual income between $75,000 and $100,000, 1 in 130 homeowners owns an electric vehicle, compared to 1 in 370 renters. Additional controls do little to narrow the gap. The paper argues that this is a version of what economists have called the “landlord-tenant’’ problem, and briefly discusses potential policy implications.     

海上无线网状网中基于Q-Learning的自适应路由算法

针对海上无线网状网通信环境复杂多变、船舶节点具有特殊移动模型等特点，提出一种基于Q-Learning的自适应路由（Q-Learning Based Adaptive Routing，QLAR）算法。综合考虑海上无线电波传播特性、船舶航程信息以及相应海区气象信息等因素的影响，提出链路可靠性、链路稳定性和节点航程相似度等概念，并对链路状态进行评估；然后，根据链路状态评估结果，利用Q-Learning算法寻找源、目的节点间最稳定的路径以传输数据分组；最后，利用OPNET搭建仿真平台对算法进行测试。仿真结果表明，与4种对比算法中性能最优的算法相比，QLAR算法最高可提升分组投递率4.89%，降低平均分组时延17.42%，减少归一化路由开销21.99%。     

Modeling electric taxis' charging behavior using real-world data

Charging behavior is critical to the development and deployment of electric vehicle (EV) systems, given its impacts in EV adoption, the energy and environmental performance of EVs, potential load change to the electric grid, etc. However, the general characteristics of practical charging behavior have not been well studied. Existing studies are mostly based on travel data from conventional internal combustion engine vehicles, modeled with assumed and simplified charging scenarios. The use of public charging infrastructure is often neglected. Few studies evaluate real-world charging behaviors of EVs currently in operation using public charging stations. To address this gap, this study analyzes the data of 39,372 charging events from 129 unique electric taxis in Shenzhen, China to study the distributions of daily charging frequency, charging start time, and charging duration. The insights we learned from this study are: 1) the daily frequency for a vehicle to visit charging stations is unlikely to exceed five times; 2) the distribution of charging start time have multiple peaks and can be fitted with Gaussian Mixture Models; 3) charging duration is influenced by charging start time; and 4) charging dynamics can be modeled using the distributions of daily charging frequency, charging start time, and charging duration. Results from this study can inform charging behavior modeling for EVs and charging infrastructure development.     

高速铁路场景下环境反向散射辅助的无线传输方案

将反向散射技术引入到高铁场景的无线通信系统中，提出一种反向散射辅助无线传输方案（Backscatter Aided Wireless Transmission,BAWT），并针对BAWT和传统无线传输方案（Direct Wireless Transmission,DWT）进行了收发信机设计，包括信道估计以及信号检测。与传统无线传输方案相比，证明了在固定的火车天线和不变的轨道情况下，BAWT可以获得信道统计信息为信道估计提供助力。通过仿真对比两种方案的信道估计均方误差，BAWT方案相较DWT方案的信道估计准确性明显提高；对比BAWT、传统中继技术以及DWT方案，当信噪比为20 dB时，对应的BAWT方案和中继技术、DWT方案的误码率分别为1%和2%和12%，BAWT方案误码检测性能获得明显提升。此外，针对广域环境下的环境反向散射通信，推导了高铁场景下使用蜂窝移动通信信号作为RF信源的无线链路预算，反向散射信号在车厢内的覆盖范围内可以满足接收机的灵敏度要求，从链路预算角度论证了BAWT方案实现的可行性。     

一种基于无线携能通信的MEC与用户匹配算法

多接入边缘计算（Multi-access Edge Computing,MEC）和无线携能通信可有效提高用户的服务质量和体验。在计算、通信和能量等资源的约束条件下，用户匹配是优化MEC任务卸载时系统效用的重要方法。针对无线携能通信的MEC网络结构，综合考虑用户的需求差异性和多元化能量供给，建立了基于计算资源、传输资源和能量资源的系统效用函数；以系统效用最大化为目标，采用基于多维背包理论的多轮拍卖，提出了一种适用于多用户和多网络边缘服务器的用户匹配算法。仿真验证了所提用户匹配算法的有效性与可靠性，结果表明所提匹配算法可优化系统资源配置，有效提高整体性能。     

发卡与运营管理系统架构设计思路

建设发卡与运营管理系统,有助于解决跨行业跨领域的统一发卡与管理,并能够实现对某一团体或某几个团体的发卡授权管理,同时能够对未来发卡计费功能的实现预留接口。并对所有采集到数据进行管理、运营、分析,将来为用户提供数据运营所带来的增值服务。     

基于无线通信技术的语音提示器

基于无线通信的优势,设计了一种新型无线遥控语音提示器。硬件设计部分以STC89C52单片机为控制核心;无线通信模块采用了nRF24L01,运用反射式红外传感器结合一套合理的计数方式,即可有效地区分出人员的进出。该语音提示器由感应端和接收端构成。感应端通过感应探头来判断是否有人员进出,若探头检测到有人员进入,会将感应信号通过无线发送给接收端。而接收端会通过语音芯片发出相应的语音提示,让用户知道有人到来。此外,该系统还具有红外遥控等特定功能。     

无线通信在机械水表中应用的研究与探索

本文研究了现代无线通信技术、计算机技术、水表计量技术,对原有的机械水表进行改造,探索无线自动水表抄表系统的研究。     

电力传输方式研究及无线传输发展趋势展望

对常规电力输送和无线电力输送从传输原理上进行介绍,主要描述了常规电力输送架空线路传输的具体组成结构和无线输电因传输距离不同而使用的传输原理。并从传输的灵活性、安全性和经济性三个方面比较了两种电力传输各自的优缺点,突出了无线电力传输在输电过程中具有良好的发展前景。以无线输电的三种原理,分别阐述了今后主要的发展方向。